생 태 계 영 향 연 구

Response by marine ecosystems to diverse scale changes

 

기후변화, 지구온난화, 해양오염 등은 인류의 생존을 위협하는 심각한 환경문제를 야기시킵니다. 이산화탄소 배출, 연안개발 등은 이러한 문제를 더욱 악화시키고 있습니다. 재미있는 사실은 환경변화의 영향을 받는 것도 생태계이고, 이러한 문제를 완화를 시키는 역할을 하는 것은 바로 생태계라는 것입니다. 예를 들어 해양에 있어서 환경변화가 어느 정도 수준을 넘으면 해양생태계가 파괴되지만, 해양생태계는 증가된 이산화탄소를 흡수하고, 오염물질 농도를 감소시키고, 수질을 향상시키기도 합니다. 그러므로 환경변화에 따른 해양생태계의 반응(순기능, 역기능)을 정확히 밝히는 것은 환경문제를 해결하여 인류를 보호하는 가장 중요한 일입니다. 

 

자연적 또는 인공적 환경변화에 따른 생태계 반응을 정확히 예측하고 대처하는 능력은 곧 한 나라의 국력이고 연구력이라고 할 수 있다. 미국의 경우 그 동안 Sverdrup, Eppley 교수 등 세계적인 해양생태학자들의 활약으로 해양생태계의 반응 연구를 선도해 왔으며, 해양환경문제로 인한 국론을 분열을 막아왔다.

 

생태계 반응을 정량화하기 위해서는 먼저 해양생태계 내 먹이망을 정확히 알아야 합니다. 먹이망은 물질이 흘러가는 길이기 때문입니다 (그림). 그 길이 잘 뚫리면 생산자인 식물로부터 최종소비자인 어패류까지 물질이 원활히 전달되어 많은 어패류를 생산할 수 있습니다. 그러나 길이 막히면 적조 등 심각한 환경문제가 생기게 되지요.

 

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먹이망 내에서 포식자가 피식자를 포식할 때 포식율을 구하고, 포식 후 포식자의 성장률을 측정하면 환경변화에 따라 피식자의 밀도의 변한 후 포식자의 반응을 정량화 할 수 있다. 이러한 포식자와 피식자의 관계가 영양단계별로 모두 규명되면 전체 생태계의 반응을 정량화 할 수 있는 것입니다.

 

저의 연구팀은 먹이망 연구에서 그 동안 (1) 주요 원생동물들의 포식 및 생태학적 역할, (2) 적조생물들의 포식 (혼합영양) 및 적조발생, (3) 천적을 이용한 적조제어기술개발, (4) 먹이망에서의 이산화탄소 흡수 및 방출, (5) 해양생태계 내에서 물질순환 및 에너지 유동, (6) 해양오염에 따른 생태계의 변화 등을 연구하여 많은 SCI논문을 발표하였습니다. 이러한 연구결과는 지난 10년간 국제학계에서 새로 밝혀진 먹이망 경로의 30% 이상을 차지하는 것으로 그 내용이 여러 교과서들(예: Ecology of Harmful Algae, Marine Microbial Ecology)와 review paper들에 자세히 실리게 되었습니다.

 

최근에는 본 실험실은 국토해양부에서 공모한 "해양생태계 교란생물 제어기술개발" 과제의 연구팀으로 선정이 되어, 유독성 플랑크톤과 유해성 비브리오 균을 제어하여 생태계를 안정화시키는 연구를 수행하고 있습니다.

 

 

     

    Hae Jin Jeong, Kyeong Ah Seong, Yeong Du Yoo, Tae Hoon Kim, Nam Seon Kang, Shin Kim, Jae Yeon Park, Jae Seong Kim, Kwang Hoon Kim, Jae Yoon Song (2008) Feeding and grazing impact by small marine heterotrophic dinoflagellates on hetertrophic bacteria. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 55:271-288 manuscript. Video 1, Video 2

    Hae Jin Jeong, Jae Seong Kim, Yeong Du Yoo, Seong Taek Kim, Jae Yoon Song, Tae Hoon Kim, Kyeong Ah Seong, Nam Seon Kang, Mi Seon Kim, Jong Hyeok Kim, Shin Kim, Jina Ryu, Hee Mahn Lee, Won Ho Yih (2008) Control of the harmful alga Cochlodinium polykrikoides by the naked ciliate Strombidinopsis jeokjo in mesocosm enclosures. Harmful Algae. 7(3): 368-377

    Jae Seong Kim, Hae Jin Jeong, Denis Lynn, Jae Yeon Park, Young Woon Lim, Woong Ghi Shin (2007) Balanion masanensis n. sp. (Ciliophora: Prostomatea) from the Coastal Waters of Korea: Morphology and Small Subunit Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequence. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 54: 482-494 reprint

    Hae Jin Jeong, Jae Seong Kim, Jae Yoon Song, Jong Hyeok Kim, Tae Hoon Kim, Soo Kyeum Kim, Nam Seon Kang (2007) Feeding by heterotrophic protists and copepods on the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Pfiesteria pisicicida, Stoeckeria algicida, and Luciella masanensis. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 349:199-211. reprint

    Hae Jin Jeong, Jeong Hyun Ha, Yeong Du Yoo, Jae Yeon Park, Jong Hyeok Kim, Nam Seon Kang, Tae Hoon Kim, Hyung Seop Kim, Won Ho Yih (2007) Feeding by the Pfiesteria-like Heterotrophic Dinoflagellate Luciella masanensis. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 54: 231-241 reprint

    Hae Jin Jeong, Jeong Eun Song, Nam Seon Kang, Shin Kim, Yeong Du Yoo, Jae Yeon Park (2007) Feeding by heterotrophic dinoflagellates on the common marine heterotrophic nanoflagellate Cafeteria sp. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 333:151-160. reprint 

    Mason PL, Litaker RW, Jeong HJ, Ha JH, Reece KS, Stokes NA, Park JY, Steidinger KA, Vandersea MW, Kibler S, Tester PA, Vogelbein WK (2007) Description of a new genus of Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellate, Luciella gen. Nov. (dinophyceae), including two new species: Luciella masanensis sp. nov. and Luciella atlantis sp. nov. Journal of Phycology. 43: 799-810.

    Jung-Hoon Kang, Woong-Seo Kim, Hae Jin Jeong, Kyoungsoon Shin and Man Chang (2007) Why did the copepod Calanus sinicus increase during the 1990s in the Yellow Sea? Marine Environmental Research. 63: 82-90

     

    Hae Jin Jeong, Jeong Hyun Ha, Jae Yeon Park, Jong Hyeok Kim, Nam Seon Kang, Sanghee Kim, Jae Seong Kim, Yeong Du Yoo, Won Ho Yih (2006) Distribution of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Pfieteria piscicida in Korean waters and its consumption of mixotrophic dinoflagellates, raphidophytes, and fish blood cells. Aquatic Microbial Ecology. 44: 263-278 reprint

     

    Kyeong Ah Seong, Hae Jin Jeong, Shin Kim, Gwang Hoon Kim, Jung Hoon Kang (2006) Bacterivory by co-occurring red-tide algae, heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and ciliates on marine bacteria in the Korean waters. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 322: 85-97 reprint

     

    Kwang Young Kim, Hae Jin Jeong, Heather Main, David J. Garbary (2006) Photosynthesis in single eggs and embryos of Ascophyllum nodosum (phaeophyceae). Phycologia. 45: 331-336 reprint

     

    Kim JS, Jeong HJ (2004) Feeding by the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Gyrodinium dominans and G. spirale on the red-tide dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. Marine Ecology Progress Series 280:85-94 reprint 

     

    Jeong HJ, Yeong Du Yoo, Jae Seong Kim, Tae Hoon Kim, Jong Hyeok Kim, Nam Seon Kang, Won Ho Yih, (2004) Mixotrophy in the Phototrophic Harmful Alga Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Dinophycean): Prey Species, the effects of Prey Concentration and Grazing Impact. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 51: 563-569 reprint

     

    Jeong HJ, Yoo YD, Kim ST, Kang NS (2004) Feeding by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium bipes on the diatom Skeletonema costatum. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 36: 171-179 reprint

     

    Jeong HJ, Song JY, Lee CH, Kim ST (2004) Feeding by the larvae of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis on red-tide dinoflagellates. J. Shellfish Research 23: 185-195      reprint

     

    Yih WH, Kim HS, Jeong HJ, Myung GO, Kim YG (2004) Ingestion of cryptophyte cells by the marine photosynthetic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 36: 165-170 reprint

     

    Jeong, H.J., Kim, J.S., Yoo, Y.D., Kim, S.T., Kim, T.H., Park, M.G., Lee, C.H., Seong, K.A., Kang, N.S., and Shim, J.H. (2003) Feeding by the Heterotrophic Dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina on the Red-Tide Raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo: a Potential Biological Method to Control Red Tides Using Mass-Cultured Grazers. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 50: 274-282 reprint

     

    Jeong, H.J., Park, K.H., Kim, J.S., Kang, H.J., Kim, C.H., Choi, H.J., Kim, Y.S., Park, J.Y., Park, M.G. (2003) Reduction in the toxicity caused by a toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum by the feeding of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii. Aquatic Microbial Ecology. 31: 307-312  reprint

     

    Jeong, H.J., Kim, H.R., Kim, K.I., Kim, K.Y., Park, K.H., Kim, S.T., Yoo, Y.D., Song, J.Y., Kim, J.S., Seong, K.A., Yih, W.H., Pae, S.J., Lee, C.H., Huh, M.D., Lee, S.H. (2002). NaOCl produced by electrolysis of natural seawater as a potential method to control marine red tide dinoflagellates. Phycologia. 41: 643-656  reprint

     

    Jeong, H.J., Yoon, J.Y., Kim, J.S., Yoo, Y.D., Seong, K.A. (2002). Growth and grazing rates of the prostomatid ciliate Tiarina fusus on red-tide and toxic algae. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 28: 289-297 reprint

      

    Jeong, H.J., Kang H.J, Shim, J.S., Park, J.Y, Kim, J.S, Song, J.Y, Choi, H,J. (2001). Interactions among the toxic dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae, the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina, and the calanoid copepods Acartia spp. Marine Ecology Progress Series 218: 77-86    reprint  

     

    Jeong, H.J., Kim S.K, Kim, J.S, Kim, S.T, Yoo, Y.D, Yoon, J.Y. (2001).  Growth and Grazing Rates of the Heterotrophic Dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii on Red-Tide and Toxic Dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryotic Microbiology. 48(3): 298-308

     

    Jeong, H.J. (1999).  The ecological roles of heterotrophic dinoflagellates in marine planktonic community. J. Eukaryotic Microbiology. 46(4): 390-396  

     

    Jeong, H.J., Shim J.H., Lee, C.W., Kim, J.S., Koh, SM. (1999). Growth and Grazing Rates of the Marine Planktonic Ciliate Strombidinopsis sp. on Red-Tide and Toxic Dinoflagellates. J. Eukaryotic Microbiology. 46(1): 69-76  

     

    Jeong, H.J., Shim J.H., Kim, J.S., Park, J.Y, Lee, C.W., Lee, Y. (1999). The feeding by the thecate mixotrophic dinoflagellate Fragilidium cf. mexicanum on red tide and toxic dinoflagellate. Marine Ecology Progress Series 176: 263-277 

     

    Jeong, H.J., Lee, CW., Yih, WH., Kim, JS. (1997). Fragilidium cf. mexicanum, a thecate mixotrophic dinoflagellate, which is prey for and a predator on co-occurring thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium cf. divergens. Marine Ecology Progress Series 151:299-305 

     

    Latz, M.I. and Jeong, H.J. (1996). Effect of red tide dinoflagellate diet on the bioluminescence of Protoperidinium spp. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 132:275-285  

     

    Jeong, H.J. (1994). Predation by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium cf. divergens on copepod eggs and early naupliar stages. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 114:203-208  

     

    Jeong, H.J. (1994). Predation effects by the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa on the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium cf. divergens in the presence of co-occurring red-tide dinoflagellate prey. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 111:87-97  

     

    Jeong, H.J. and Latz, M.I. (1994). Growth and grazing rates of the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Protoperidinium spp. on red tide dinoflagellates. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 106:173-185